The boundary confinement can easily prevent splitting failure or increase the ice splitting load.
Gas permeability and water sorptivity tests were carried out to evaluate the transport property of UHPC specimens after exposure to different levels of splitting load.
Comparatively, the plasticity theory based approach (i.e., the plastic upper/lower limit theory) enables us to effectively attain a conservative estimation of the ice splitting load in an analytical form.
Both the maximum value of COD (CODmax) under loading and the residual COD (CODres) after unloading of UHPC specimen increase with the more addition of steel fibers when exposed to the same stress level of splitting load.
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the influence of splitting load on transport properties (air permeability and sorptivity) of UHPC incorporating different dosages of steel fibers (0%, 1%, 2% and 3%).
The average splitting load failure of the bond beams appeared to be the same in SCC and VC beams which indicates that the bond between steel and concrete is not affected by the high flowability of SCC mixes.
Since the direct application of two pulling forces to stable split of the specimen entails a great difficulty, the usual loading arrangement consists in a wedge made from steel that is mounted between two bearings, which transform the vertical applied load (F) into two horizontal splitting loads (P) (Cifuentes and Karihaloo 2013).
The water within the crack has sufficient time to enter the crack when the specimen is subjected to a slow split loading, and the water front during slow loading test exceeds that of the fast loadings when reaching the same CMOD.
Further analysis was developed on multiple-split loading sharing among star gears of two-stage star gearing system in aero-engine, and a meshing error was analyzed on the eccentricity error, gear thickness error, base pitch error, assembly error, and bearing manufacturing error of gear components of the star gearing system respectively.
In view of the floating meshing error resulting from meshing clearance variation caused by the simultaneous floating of all gears, this paper establishes a refined mathematical model of two-stage power split loading sharing coefficient calculation in consideration of multiple errors.
Some fixes were identified, notably modifications to the breech, installation of split loading trays and reinforcement of the catapult rammers, but they had to wait until the ships' next refit to be implemented.
