The spillover ratios for the water and air regions [SORw and SORa, respectively] were calculated as the ratio of Awave/Auave and Aaave/Auave, respectively.
The spillover ratios (SORw and SORa) are presented in Table 4. Attenuation and scatter corrections decrease SORa for each algorithm and for both isotopes.
There was minimal impact on IQ parameters (%SDunif and spillover ratios in air and water) when the NEMA NU 4 2008 phantom was filled with 18F-FDG plus contrast media.
Percentage standard deviation (%SDunif) and spillover ratios in water (SORwat) and in air (SORair) are shown in the right panel for the phantom filled with an 18F-FDG solution (blue) or a mixture of 18F-FDG and iodinated contrast media at a final concentration of 100 mg I/mL (red).
They demonstrated that for scanning four mice, combined axial and radial displacement is preferable to just radial displacement, as the latter leads to higher noise and spillover ratios and lower RCs.
In their study in which phantoms and mice were displaced radially (22 mm) only, Aide et al. [ 32] also found that radial displacement led to a decrease in RCs and an increase in spillover ratios as compared to a single phantom acquisition.
Examples of 'image parameters' are spatial resolution as indicated by small structures in the image (small spheres or rods used to calculate recovery coefficients), image uniformity (signal-to-noise ratios, percentage standard deviation), spillover of activity into cold regions and quantification (pixel values indicating Bq/cm3).
We also performed simulations in which an NMDA receptor conductance was added to the spillover and phasic AMPA conductances, with an NMDA AMPA ratio of 0.2 (Cathala et al., 2003), and a voltage-dependent Mg2+ block modelled according to (Nieus et al., 2006).
Both the private marginal product of capital and average product of capital are invariant with respect to the capital labor ratio because learning-by-doing and spillovers eliminate diminishing returns to capital.
The FRET ratio (F535/ F480) was corrected by the corresponding spillover of CFP emission into the 535 nm channel and by the cross-talk due to direct FlAsH excitation at 436 nm.
