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If a better approach to negative equity could be adopted, which included write-downs of principal, then the spillover costs of rampant foreclosures could be reduced.
For those concerned about the potential price of a federal bailout for Detroit — and I'm one of them — the reality is that this cost would be dwarfed by the long-term spillover costs of bankruptcy and liquidation.
The first asks whether immigration in fact creates spillover costs (what economists call "negative externalities").
Because expected spillover costs are calculated as the probability of occurrence times the magnitude of such costs, it is not clear which governance mode best minimizes expected spillover costs.
We examine both the private benefits and spillover costs of labor market favoritism in a unique laboratory experiment design.
Virtualizing the controller means that the data flowing through the pipes can be managed in a granular way, optimized through software so the network can be used efficiently without lots of spillover costs for additional hardware.
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Both automobile exhaust and spam email produce what economists call negative externalities, a spillover cost of a transaction that others in society have to pay.
By so doing, external or "spillover" cost effects of the intervention will be captured, thereby providing a more accurate and comprehensive measure of the impact of the intervention.
We show that the effectiveness of different regional policies depends on (i) intra-industry knowledge spillovers, (ii) inter-industry knowledge spillovers and (iii) trade costs.
"This does reflect some spillover from higher energy costs," said Mark Vitner, a vice president at the First Union Corporation in Charlotte, N.C.
Each agent exerts an unverifiable effort that creates a spillover on the effort cost of the other agent.
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