Sentence examples for sphere water from inspiring English sources
Monophosphinic acid arm of these Gd-complexes affords enhancement of inner sphere water exchange rate due to its steric bulkiness.
In the absence of Ca2+ ions, inner sphere water binding to the Gd-DO3A-AME-NPHE is restricted with longitudinal relaxivity, r1 = 4.37 mM−1 s−1 at 4.7 T.
This observation is in apparent contrast to the rapid rate of inner sphere water substitution of Ca2+, ranging between 108 and 109 suggesting suggesthat thet the binding mechanism conceals a complex sequence of events in addition to the arrival of the Ca2+ ion to the binding site.
The outer surface area available for transport is assumed = 0.031 cm, and the total sphere water volume = 260 nl.
Most often, the number of inner-sphere water coordination sites or the rotational mobility of the complex is considered as the central theme while water exchange is either assumed to be "fast enough" or entirely ignored.
In both cases, the resulting too slow inner-sphere water exchange rate limits the relaxivity increase expected, respectively, from an increased water coordination number, and some degree of rotational restriction, although in the latter case, the relaxivity shows a maximum in the 30 MHz proton frequency region.
The effect of phase transitions in solutions of triblock copolymers on the temperature resolved line widths in EPR spectra of Gd III) aqua ions and transverse relaxation rates of Gd III) inner-sphere water protons depends on the architecture of triblock copolymers and pH conditions.
Fe O bond lengths increase, and the hydrogen-bonded structure of outer-sphere water of solvation changes.
The principle mechanism for Gd III -complexes is due to the interaction of an inner-sphere water molecule with the paramaGd III -complexesn havisg ninth coordueatoon sithe leadinteractionsubsequent magnetic relaxatiof of the waner molecule [32].
For example, an Fe atom with one bond to the surface (e.g., a IV site in Fig. 1) will likely have a different distance to nearest-neighbor Fe atoms than a 3V (or A) site and be coordinated by more inner-sphere water molecules than would an Fe atom in A, B, or C sites (Fig. 1).
The binding of ZnII is postulated therefore to increase second-sphere water ordering, with possible hydrogen bonding to a solvated zinc to the outer sphere, thus explaining the increase in r1 from 4.2 to 4.9 mM−1 s−1.
