Last year, for the first time, spending by Apple and Google on patent lawsuits and unusually big-dollar patent purchases exceeded spending on research and development of new products, according to public filings.
10. "Last year, for the first time, spending by Apple and Google on patent lawsuits and unusually big-dollar patent purchases exceeded spending on research and development of new products," writes The New York Times.
Mr. Bush offered few details while campaigning about how he would spend that money, but he did say he would raise military pay by $1 billion and increase spending on research and development of new technologies by $20 billion.
This requires much more spending on research and development of low-carbon energy technology.
The way to achieve this is to dramatically increase spending on research and development of low-carbon energy.
For 2003, net income was up 6percentto to $5 billion, despite price pressure and increased spending on research and development of drugs.
The same report estimated that spending on exploration and development of new reserves by the 200 largest listed fossil fuel companies totalled $674bn in 2012.
In fact, federal spending on research and development of wind, solar, geothermal and biomass energy sources, as well as on energy efficiency technology, has never equaled the $3 billion spent in 1980, Mr. Carter's final year in office, even after adjustments for inflation.
Other executives also have said Kodak will cut spending on research and development of new products.
If another president wants to take a more evidence-based approach and limit spending to research and development of the most promising missile defense technologies and deploy only those that have been proven to work, that option could also be pursued with New START in place.
