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Adaptive backstepping technology is first applied with our previous geometric extension to construct the robust formation tracking control and then combined with consensus to propose a new adaptive estimator for the unknown flow speed vector.
The speed vector field driving the propagation of the level set function is given by the Eulerian derivative of an appropriately defined functional with respect to the free boundary.
v a is the assistance speed vector.
The mixed speed vector was calculated using the trajectory method.
Therefore, the speed of the mixed speed vector was adjust to the input speed.
The mixed speed vector was calculated using formula 1, as in the trajectory method.
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The parameters analyzed are the vascular speed profile, velocity vector, speed, maps, and hemodynamic blood flow to the wall shear stress (calculating the average shear stress in the arterial wall in dyne/cm).
Overlaid on the screen are different read-outs of information for players, including their ship's current speed, velocity vectors, the number of impulses used, the number of collisions with the walls, and elapsed time on a given game level.
It is not enough, therefore, to identify free space in the environment or measure the speed vectors of other vehicles combined with path planning.
Figure 13 Estimate of wind speed vectors.
Let pi,j and vi,j be the position and speed vectors of vehicle i, j respectively.
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