Sentence examples for spectrum of pathways from inspiring English sources
In nature, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have evolved a wide spectrum of pathways such as oxidation/reduction, compartmentalization, exclusion, and immobilization [16] as the main natural defense mechanisms to arsenic.
Given the widely acknowledged functions of FOXO transcription factors in a spectrum of pathways directly or indirectly linked to aging, such as metabolic regulation, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and others, it is tempting to speculate that SIRT2 may play an intricate role in anti-aging processes.
These definitions do not represent the full spectrum of pathways by which diseases are transferred.
Thus evolution can be re-run from different starting genotypes that differ in the spectrum of pathways available to evolution.
Interestingly, in single-gene mutant mice exhibiting spontaneous or more readily-evoked seizures, only a quarter of the mutated genes encode ion channels (Frankel, 2009), suggesting a much broader spectrum of pathways and genes for seizure predisposition than currently known.
In some cases, the large standard deviation in pathway size (Table 1) is easily explained, as exemplified in the case of Reactome, which provides hierarchies of pathways and therefore contains a spectrum of pathway sizes.
Moreover, the database schema, used by the database administrators to index and store the wide spectrum of pathway information, are also varied in different databases and thus creates the requirement of new file formats to the database developers.
IGF1 is able to activate a broader spectrum of signaling pathways, including the MAP kinase pathway, and its greater protection may reflect its ability to both suppress apoptosis as well as induce proliferation of cells.
Functional analyses revealed that these 372 genes were enriched in a broad spectrum of KEGG pathways, including those related to cancer in the MAPK signaling pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway (Additional file 1: Table S6).
The SERPINs are a family of serine proteases involved in a spectrum of biological pathways and are of particular relevance to the coagulation pathway.
In addition, RXFP1 activates a wide spectrum of signaling pathways to generate second messengers, including cAMP and nitric oxide two known signaling pathways influencing ploidy control (see Bathgate et al, 2013).
