Indeed, specialized languages have been developed that range from those designed primarily for program specification (e.g., VDM, Jones 1990; Z, Woodcock and Davies 1996; B, Abrial 1996), wide spectrum languages such UML (Fowler 2003), through to specialized ones that are aimed at architectural description (e.g., Rapide, Luckham 1998; Darwin, 1997; Wright, Allen 1997).
While most of the seven tools were developed for Java code, FermaT (Fatiregun et al., 2004) is used to provide more low-level changes with wide-spectrum language (WSL) transformations.
We lay out the design of HasCasl, a higher order extension of the algebraic specification language Casl that serves both as a wide-spectrum language for the rigorous specification and development of software, in particular but not exclusively in modern functional programming languages, and as an expressive standard language for higher-order logic.
While it's unrealistic to expect schools to teach a broader spectrum of languages given that there are so few trained staff, such languages are increasingly important at university level, says Anne Pauwels, dean of the faculty of languages and culture at Soas, University of London.
Although Yiddish was his beloved mother tongue, Mr. Burg was fluent in the spectrum of languages that reflected the war-torn history of his homeland.
"Two thousand years of Christian history across a wide spectrum of languages, cultures and traditions is a unique laboratory for the relation between change and continuity, and the interaction between the two," he said.
Integral to this development has been a decision to cease the use of poorly defined and inconsistently used terms such as menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding, to name a few, and replace them with a set of terms and definitions that are relatively easily understood and translated into the spectrum of languages used by medical providers and patients globally.
The other three categories were defined by dividing the language distance scale in three equal parts (Small, Medium and Large), so that there is enough representativeness to classify the existing spectrum of language distance values.
It is unthinkable to promise a global education without a full spectrum of language instruction, yet it is also financially punishing to do so--punishing as well for professors and students in fields where too many students want in to too few courses.
In the Frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum, the language disorder is a key symptom not only for FTD, but also of two specific forms that are Primary Progressive Aphasia and Semantic Dementia.
