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For smooth specimens, the strain rate can be determined from the tensile speed u/t and specimen length l as ε̇smooth= u/tl.
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In all previous cases of human L. hongkongensis infection and in reports of the detection of this species in animal specimens, the strains were identified using a combination of phenotypic tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Three conditions are defined that ensure the validity of the experimental procedure: the cracks appear in the middle of the specimen, the strain field is homogeneous in the gauge area, and buckling must be avoided.
For the specimens that were externally bonded with FRPs and for the conventional specimen, the strain of the compression and tension reinforcement and the strain of FRP and deflection were measured respectively for comparison.
In the case of the B-1-H specimen, the strain of the stirrup at the center of the beam increased, but the degree of increase was less than that of the specimens with U-type reinforcements.
The Multicontinuum Theory (MCT) is used to simulate the progressive failure process and the stress state for all specimens, whilst the strain energy release rate (SERR) as a function of crack length for bonded and hybrid specimens are also compared.
For notched specimens, however, the strain rate at the notch root ˙εnotch should be analyzed accurately.
The bond-slip behaviour of all specimens and the strain distribution on the exterior of stainless steel tubes along the longitudinal height direction were carefully investigated.
All the loading processes were recorded to capture the deformation mechanism of different specimens, and the strain distribution was analyzed using digital imaging correlation (DIC) method.
From the stress-strain curves, strain softening phenomenon at high strain rates are observed at RT and −20 °C.This could be explained by the localized temperature rise in the specimens when the strain rate reaches high.
The saturation dislocation structures of tricrystal specimens under the strain amplitude of the last step were explored by the electron channeling contrast technique in SEM (ECC-SEM).
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