Secondary molecular objectives are the T cell activity in the resected tumor specimen, the density of regulatory T cells, and the frequency of tumor reactive T cells in blood and bone marrow in correlation with changes in the level of proteins involved in immune response or angiogenesis and transcriptomics in whole blood cells.
Interestingly, the densification only occurred in the low-density specimens while this phenomenon was not observed for the specimens with the density greater than 288 kg/m3.
For quantification of mRNA expression, the relative amounts of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 mRNAs in the tumors were calculated as a ratio of the optical density of the bands for the tumor specimens to the density of the bands for the corresponding normal tissue specimens (T/N ratio) by densitometric analysis, as described previously [ 13, 14].
The porosity of both materials was calculated based on the bulk density of specimens and the density of HAp and expressed as a percentage as shown in the following equation: (4) P o r o s i t y = 100 × d H A p − d s p e c i m e n d H A p, where dspecimen and dHAp are the apparent density of specimen and theoretical density of HAp (3.16 g/cm).
As the stiffness of the specimen is increased, the density would be greater for the specimens, and the strength of the specimens would be high and with high ultimate carrying capacity (Fig. 15).
The corrosion rate, v (mm year−1), was calculated using the equation: v = 87600 times left( {W/S times d times t} right) (2 where W is the average weight loss (g), S is the surface area of specimens (cm2), d is the density of iron (7.87 g cm−3) and t is the exposure time (h).
Each specimen was weighed to detect the density before subjecting the specimens to compression test.
Bundles of coated fibers were consolidated using a hot isostatic press (HIP) equipped with an eddy current sensor for in situ measurement of the specimens' relative density.
Here, W 1 is the weight of the specimen submerged in water, W 2 is the weight of the specimen dried in air for 24 h, W 3 is the weight of the specimen dried in an oven, V 1 is the volume of the specimens, and ( rho_{w} ) is the density of water (Jang et al. 2015a; Kim and Lee 2010).
In the past, it was almost impossible or required tremendous efforts to prepare such TEM specimens, especially in case that the density of SGBs is low.
