Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(2)
Exact(6)
Table 6 How many requests for specimens or data each year?
Three centers excluded infants from continued follow-up if prenatal specimens or data were not collected.
The same constraint does not apply to the re-use of specimens or data collected from studies fielded for other purposes.
The only link to patient identity is held in reserve locally within the institution and there are no links directly connecting specimens or data to patients.
Additionally, in 27 of these 81 articles, there was an inclusion criterion of availability of tumour specimens or data, with 11 articles not specifying the number of cases this criterion excluded.
Pilar Ossorio (University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA) pointed out that anonymity has always been used in research as a tool to minimize information harm: the degree of research regulation turns on whether or not specimens or data can be anonymized.
Similar(54)
In the USA we find the clearest answer: human subjects are involved if specimens, cells or data are obtained from living individuals by the investigators through direct intervention/interaction or, alternatively, if investigators obtain identifiable private information linked to the items.
To focus the discussion, we consider a "freezer study" workflow, where existing specimens undergo additional analysis, but no new specimens or clinical data are collected.
Note that this workflow addresses the "freezer study" scenario, where the ancillary study's additional measurements come from analysis of existing specimens, not collection of new specimens or clinical data.
As long as future research with your specimen or associated data doesn't include any information that links it back to you (like your name), researchers don't need your consent to do their work (though this may change).
If a mean was not published, yet multiple specimen or sample data were available, then a mean was calculated following Fisher (1953) and this is the value reported in the database.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com