Blood specimens were analyzed for lead at the NHANES Laboratory, Division of Environmental Health Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, using graphite furnace absorption spectrophotometry and previously described methods (Gunter et al. 1996).
Willing and eligible participants were invited to the Brigham and Women's Hospital outpatient clinic in Boston, where a fresh whole blood specimen was collected for lead measurement and where K X-ray fluorescence (KXRF) bone lead measurements were taken.
The increased interest in using clinical specimens for research has led to widespread establishment of human tissue banks.
Significant past damage to the condor population has also been attributed to poaching, especially for museum specimens, lead poisoning (from eating animals containing lead shot), DDT poisoning, electric power lines, egg collecting, and habitat destruction.
For lead exposure, we included studies that used biomarkers (lead levels in blood, bone, or other specimens), environmental measures (airborne lead levels), or indirect measures (job titles, job exposure matrices, living in lead-contaminated areas).
Just weeks after his second term, he led a safari in Africa, collecting specimens for the Smithsonian.
Changes in symptoms were assessed by study staff and led to collection of nasal fluid specimens for virological testing.
However, it was not formally described until 1988, after a research team led by Elwyn Simons observed and captured some specimens for captive breeding.
Children provided urine specimens for measuring urinary As and were asked to provide blood samples for blood lead measurements.
