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Open image in new window Fig. 1 SEM images of 28-days old FA 100 AAB paste specimens at two different magnifications a 2,500× and b 5,000× [L to R → 23, 40, and 60 °C].
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We performed 25 experiments with 133 sample specimens at ten temperature steps between 700 and 1600°C and ambient atmosphere.
Figures 1a and 1b show the typical microstructural features of FA 100 AAB specimens at three different temperatures and two different magnifications at each temperature.
Duplicate beam specimens at four temperatures (20 °C, 0 °C, − 20°C, and − 40 °C) were tested in four-point bending until failure, while monitoring applied load and resulting deflection.
Direct tension relaxation modulus tests were conducted on the specimens at four different temperatures using the trapezoidal loading pattern at a low level of strain.
Flexural fatigue tests were performed on standard specimens at zero mean stress, i.e. a cyclic stress ratio = Smin/Smax = −1.
The healing process was conducted by locally heating fractured cylindrical specimens at three levels of lateral (radial) confinements and axial constraints, and varying heating times.
The relevant result is that testing four groups of specimens at four different stress levels is sufficient to estimate the parameters of the model and consequently, to give the Wöhler fields for any stress level.
three additional specimens were found in 2004. in addition to records from roadkilled specimens at three further sites.
The average coefficients of variation for plasma NGAL and BNP, measured by means of the Alere Triage® System from two replicates of plasma specimens at four analyte levels tested at two separate times daily for 20 days, ranged between 9.2 and 12.8% for BNP and between 12.5 and 16.0% for NGAL (Triage® CardioRenal Panel Product Insert, 2011).
To encompass between-run and within-run variation in both the extraction process and the PCR process, mock specimens at three different bacterial spike concentrations were tested in triplicate per run, for four runs on different days, with the same operator and equipment.
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