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Reads Nursery in Norfolk and Keepers of Kent gave advice freely and despatched fantastic specimens wrapped in straw and bound in twine to look like giant corn dollies.
In addition, stress strain curves of pre-damaged specimens wrapped with CFRP laminates are also focused.
A total of five RC slender column specimens wrapped in layers with CFRP jackets were experimentally tested to failure.
The axial load displacement curves for the heat-damaged control columns are compared with those obtained for specimens wrapped with GFRP sheets in Fig. 12.
An analytical model developed earlier by the author to predict the entire stress strain response of concrete specimens wrapped with FRP composite sheets was applied.
Results show that specimens wrapped with aramid fibers experienced no reduction in strength due to wet/dry exposure, but some reduction was observed due to freeze/thaw exposure.
The failure of column specimens wrapped with two layers of FRP sheets was more violent; explosive with a loud booming noise and without any prior warning accompanied by a sudden loss of axial strength.
The polymeric mortar increased the ultimate strength of the specimens wrapped with one and two layers of GFRP by 5.4%and4.7%7% respectively, compared with similar specimens in the marine environment without the protective mortar.
The axial load displacement curves for the heat-damaged control columns are compared with those obtained for specimens wrapped with CFRP sheets in Fig. 11. Figure 11 clearly shows that full wrapping with CFRP sheets enhances the axial load resistance of heat-damaged columns.
As most of the existing design-oriented models for ultimate condition of FRP-confined concrete were developed based on limited experimental data points, a large experimental database of 518 cylindrical concrete specimens wrapped with unidirectional fabrics in the hoop direction with reported actual rupture strain of the wrap was compiled from the literature.
Long-term storage (more than 1 week) of specimens in vapour-phase liquid nitrogen freezers is done in small segments (e.g. 5 g or less) in plastic histology cassettes or mega-cassettes with the specimens wrapped in aluminium foil to minimise desiccation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com