We surveyed hundreds of preserved skins and mounts held at the Dept. of Ecology (Montana State university, Bozeman, MT), and selected for measurement all raptor specimens where each talon could be photographed adequately for accurate measurement.
The properties of the cartilage were derived from indentation testing of each specimen, where the characteristic average instantaneous elastic moduli ranged from 8.7 to 12.6 MPa.
The generated pattern is then applied onto each specimen where the DIC technique was used by adopting a heat-sensitive stencil printing technique which consists of three layers: a vinyl base layer, the inverse of the speckle pattern and a top protective heat-sensitive polypropylene layer.
The numbers of apoptotic cells in ten 1.35-mm areas of each HE-stained specimen where apoptotic cells were present at a relatively uniform density were determined under a fluorescence microscope.
They also described a method for analysing replicated data in pairs where several pairs of measurements are made by two methods on each subject or specimen where the underlying true value changes from pair to pair (here the measurement pairs are consider non-exchangeable).
In addition, we also found one specimen where the origin seemed to be at the same place as the LCL.
The derived equations are applied to a jointed gneiss specimen where how the hysteresis nonlinearity parameter is determined from RCT data is demonstrated.
Each specimen was assigned an identification number for convenience in the form of pppddd-V-s for a vertical specimen or pppddd-aaa-s for a horizontal specimen, where ppp, ddd, s, and aaa indicate the site name, the sample recovering depth, the identification number of the specimen, and the azimuth, respectively.
The number of easily recognizable cavities was lower than that in NC-50 specimen, where the maximum diameter was around 17 mm, as listed in Table 7.
The temperature was calibrated by using a dummy specimen where two K-type thermocouples are plastered with cement at the center and on the surface.
