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The micro-images and element contents of the specimen were characterized by SEM and EDS.
The phases and morphologies of the green tailings and fired specimen were characterized by XRD and SEM.
The textures of the cold rolled specimen were characterized according to the 〈110〉 partial parallel to the rolling direction as the rolling reduction increased.
Microstructural characteristics of the simulated WEL and WEL observed in a field rail specimen were characterized by microhardness, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction.
The microstructure, composition and corrosion behavior of the laser melted surface, PEO coatings, LSM PEO duplex coatings as well as the as-received specimen were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical corrosion tests, respectively.
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The surface morphology of the specimen is characterized by AFM.
Test specimens were fabricated with different processing pedigrees, and the porosity populations within each specimen was characterized.
The specimen is characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.
The pore microstructure of the microscale paste specimen was characterized by using the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Lab.
Each specimen is characterized by means of the sequential release of the prestress transfer (detensioning) and the pull-out (loading) operation.
The surface of specimen was characterized by contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com