Air bubbles were intentionally created inside specimens to simulate detachments.
A heat treatment was applied to some of the material and joint specimens to simulate the paint bake conditioning applied to a car body in industry.
Currently there is doubt surrounding the suitability of chemically-induced stress independent pre-conditioning of specimens to simulate turbine corrosion prior to fatigue testing.
Using high-velocity (200 300 m/s) impacts of 3.2 mm diameter steel spheres on the flat surface of fatigue test specimens to simulate FOD, it is found that the resistance to HCF is markedly reduced due to earlier crack initiation.
A true triaxial hydraulic fracturing system is built for carrying out fracturing stimulation experiments on cubic raw coal specimens to simulate the hydraulic fracturing by means of a vertical well in a coal seam.
To study the variation in creep strength among different regions of a DS turbine blade, this article designed and manufactured three types of DS specimens to simulate the geometry features of platform, shroud and body part of a typical DS turbine blade.
Two mouths were set with the absence of three specimens to simulate missed teeth.
Normal lordosis and interbody spacing were maintained in the specimens to simulate a hypothetical reduction.
A variety of phenomenological models have been developed and validated at a specimen level to simulate plasticity and fracture of metallic materials using finite element analysis.
Low strength concrete grade is used for the specimens, again to simulate older R/C members.
