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The major advantage is that the proposed method only requires displacements inside the specimen, and displacements near the notch tip, specimen boundaries, or notch surfaces are not necessary.
The transmitted and reflected wave signals in both surface panels were captured by PZT elements after interacting with the debonding damage and specimen boundaries.
It accounts for the interaction of the beam with defects (within a piece made of isotropic material) and specimen boundaries and simulates the transducer scan over the piece for synthesizing images comparable with measurements.
Considering electrons traveling across a specimen, their trajectories (gamma _{mathbf{x},omega }(t)) depend on both their final destination (mathbf{x}) on the detector and the specimen orientation (omega); t is a variable that parametrizes a particle position along its path; (t=t_0) and (t=t_1) correspond to the specimen boundaries.
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In this study, a comprehensive experimental program is conducted to investigate the sample size effect associated with shear banding and specimen boundary conditions on the consolidation, drained and undrained shear behavior of very loose Ottawa sand specimens.
The validated FE model was used to establish the effects of key processing and design parameters (including extrusion intensity, hole diameter and e/d, e is defined as the distance from the hole center to the specimen boundary and d is defined as the diameter of hole) on the residual stresses around the hole surface.
As in the mill-annealed Ti64 specimen, colony boundaries and prior β grain boundaries in the β-annealed specimen can act as microstructural barriers for crack to grow, improving the resistance to HCF. Figure 6a shows the S-N fatigue curves of β-annealed and mill-annealed Ti64 specimens, uniaxially fatigued at an R ratio of 0.1.
As an application, we consider the swelling of a spherical specimen whose boundary is traction-free and is in contact with a reservoir of uniform chemical potential.
However, for heavily pre-deformed specimens, grain-boundary sliding (GBS) as well as GMD was evident.
The basic principle of the validation experiment is based on reverse ballistics, in which a thin circular specimen with free boundaries impacts the end of an instrumented rod.
Finite simple shear test characteristics like specimen geometry and boundary conditions could affect the deformation homogeneity during the test.
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