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A number of bifurcated cracks were observed for the β-annealed Ti64 specimen at low and intermediate ΔK regime.
One-step multiplex PCR assays are relatively easy and rapid to perform (2 h after obtaining a specimen) at low cost (∼5 USD).
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The models accurately predicted the response of the specimens at low frequencies, but coalescence of higher frequency modes makes mode-dependant damage detection difficult for structural applications.
The observed typical failure mode in most specimens at low temperature is debonding at adhesive-steel interface, whereas samples rupture at the adhesive-BFRP interface at elevated temperature with lower load-bearing capacity.
The dislocation network theory is also able to explain the dramatic reduction in the steady-state creep rate that obtains when the initial dislocation density is very large, such as those introduced by pre-deformation of specimens at low temperatures or recovery-resistant microstructures attendant to processing by cold or hot working.
Due to its high compressive strength, more time is required to break UHPC specimens at low loading rate.
From Figures 7 and 8, it can be observed that the impact energies of specimens tested at room temperatures were almost identical to the specimens tested at low temperatures.
Specimens loaded at low strain rates showed considerable post-yield strain and also much more microcracking.
A good correlation was observed between the water/additive ratio and the resilient modulus/permanent deformation, such that the soil specimens prepared at low water/additive ratio showed better performance than those prepared at high water/additive ratio.
The deformation and fracture of a PWA 1472 single crystal oriented in a soft orientation were studied by analyzing the evolution of slip bands and detailed fractography of tensile specimens tested at low (10−4/s) and high (1.0/s) strain rates at room temperature.
The frozen hydrated specimen were observed at low temperature on a cryo electron microscope (Tecnai F20, FEG cathode operated at 200 kV) and images were recorded under low-dose condition (less than 2,000 electrons/nm2) on Kodak SO163 photographic plates.
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