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The effectiveness of the screening-based approach depends partly on the sensitivity and specificity of the specimens collected.
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The specificity of positive specimens was confirmed by using PCR and nested PCR with primers POLVP1 39F/POLVP1 363R and POLVP1 118F/POLVP1 324R, as described (1 ).
To confirm the specificity of the mouse PCNA antibody, tonsil specimens was used as a positive control.
To determine the specificity of the two RT-PCR assays, specimens from both 35 bone marrow and 35 peripheral blood normal donors were evaluated.
Thus, the specificity of each specimen type for any given virus was by definition 100%.
This approach means that the specificity of either specimen type for any bacterial species will be, by definition, 100%.
To confirm the specificity of the mouse PCNA antibody, human tonsil specimens was used as a positive control.
The specificity of the GeXP assay was examined using artificial specimens from the NATRVP-2 panel and clinical specimens confirmed previously to be positive.
Using a cut-off titer of 400 as evidence of acute infection as previously described, 12 the sensitivity and specificity of acute specimen IgM IFA were 14.3%95%5% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4 57.9) and 97.7% (95% CI: 94.2 99.4) for scrub typhus, 9.1% (95% CI: 0.2 41.3) and 99.4% (95% CI: 96.7 100) for murine typhus (raw data not shown), respectively.
A normal, healthy lung rarely contains sufficient organisms to produce a positive culture in the aspirate specimen; hence, the specificity of the technique is very high.
Specificity of the Light Cycler method was determined by testing specimens containing adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and echovirus, all of which yielded negative results with no discernible background.
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