Exact(2)
Since ADARs deaminate fewer A's in shorter helices, their existence (along with the sequence preferences of the ADARs) might be a means to increase the specificity of editing.
While auto-editing of the dadar transcript satisfies this prediction, editing in unc-13 is highly variable (see Additional file 5: Figure S4B and C), suggesting that either the unc-13 RNA structure or the specificity of editing machinery has evolved in the species studied, leading to the observed variability.
Similar(58)
The occurrence of the diverse partially edited mRNAs could result from a combination of factors including gRNA diversity and redundancy, compositionally distinct editosomes with different endonuclease specificities, and the diversity of editing accessory proteins and complexes.
Efforts to improve Cas9 specificity, like the development of RNA-guided FokI-nucleases (RFNs), usually come at the cost of editing efficiency and/or genome targetability.
In view of the potential clinical application of gene editing technique (Suzuki et al., 2014; Veres et al., 2014), we further investigated the specificity of gene editing in the system.
We then show that hp-sgRNAs increase the specificity of gene editing using five different Cas9 or Cas12a variants.
Four groups use a variety of methods in vitro and in cells to assess the specificity of genome editing with CRISPR-Cas systems (pp 822, 827, 833, 839).
The high specificity of Cas9 editing was further supported by the observation that more than two mismatches between gRNAs and target site resulted in significant decrease of the cutting efficiency (Fig. 2d).
But Liu and co-workers showed that the specificity of genome editing — how accurately the targeted genes are modified versus modification of other sites in the human genome — was much higher from protein delivery rather than from DNA delivery.
We review here the progress made in this field and discuss open questions in epigenetic regulation and its stability, methods to increase the specificity of epigenome editing, and improved delivery methods for targeted EpiEffectors.
Injecting BE3 protein may also help to improve the specificity of base editing mediated gene correction in human embryos.
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