Used and loved by millions

Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak quote

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

MitStanfordHarvardAustralian Nationa UniversityNanyangOxford

specifications of which are

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "specifications of which are" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to specific details or requirements related to a subject previously mentioned. Example: "The project involves several components, the specifications of which are outlined in the attached document."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

2 human-written examples

The Energy Department will also award $5 million to the creator of an LED reflector lamp (no entries have yet been made) and a new, "21st-century lamp," the specifications of which are yet to be defined.

These tunnels, specifications of which are shown in Table 1, are located in the western part of the country along the south-west block of Iranian Railway Network which at this date is still under construction.

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

57 human-written examples

We routinely refine all BAC-derived sequence assemblies to produce 'comparative-grade' finished sequence [ 5], the quality specifications of which were specifically designed for inter-species sequence comparisons.

Alongside its compliance to the necessary criteria, the sample can be described by its specifications, some of which are delineated in Table 1.

MaCS and AlphaDrop are each controlled by a single specification file, examples of which are given in the supporting information, File S1.

Allowing all three betas in the means model to differ across zygosity will result in a general extended univariate moderation model, the specification of which is independent of the nature of the correlations between M and T and M1 and M2.

Some commentators identify problems with the quality of evidence, in terms of research design, study size, research setting, intervention specification and outcome measurement, all of which are frequently limited [ 101, 102].

The gene on Populus LG III is the ortholog of the Arabidopsis Abnormal Floral Organs, a YABBY transcription factor (YAB1) known to be involved in abaxial cell fate specification [ 59- 61], the protein of which is located in the leaf abaxial epidermis.

All model types/specifications evaluated were recorded, regardless of which were considered to fit the data best or had coefficients reported.

Conceptually, this ecologic analysis underscores the need for thoughtful selection of stressor indicators, as mis-specification of stressors, which are hypothesized to impart physiologic susceptibility, can substantially alter observed effect modification.

Existing solutions and validation studies are an important reference for the definition of specifications, which are described with a suitable use of simulation technologies.

Show more...

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "specifications of which are", ensure the subject being described has already been clearly introduced to avoid ambiguity. This phrase is best suited for formal contexts where precision is valued.

Common error

Avoid using "specifications of which are" in casual or informal writing. Opt for simpler alternatives like "whose specifications" or rephrase the sentence for clarity and conciseness.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

83%

Authority and reliability

4.1/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "specifications of which are" functions as a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun, providing further details or requirements related to it. It is used to introduce the specific details or parameters associated with a previously mentioned item or concept, as demonstrated in the Ludwig examples.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

Science

70%

News & Media

20%

Formal & Business

10%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "specifications of which are" is a grammatically sound but relatively uncommon construction used primarily in formal and technical writing. According to Ludwig, it serves to introduce specific details or requirements related to a previously mentioned subject. While correct, it is important to consider the context and audience, opting for simpler alternatives in less formal situations. Ensure clarity by clearly introducing the subject before using this phrase.

FAQs

How can I rephrase "specifications of which are" for clarity?

Consider using "whose specifications are" or "the details of which are" for a more direct and easily understood sentence structure.

Is it grammatically correct to use "specifications of which are"?

Yes, "specifications of which are" is grammatically correct, particularly in formal writing. However, ensure that the context warrants such formality.

When is it appropriate to use "specifications of which are" in writing?

Use "specifications of which are" in formal, technical, or legal documents where precise and detailed information is necessary. Avoid using it in casual conversations or informal writing where simpler alternatives are more appropriate.

What are some alternatives to "specifications of which are" that maintain a formal tone?

Alternatives include "the requirements of which are", "the parameters of which are", or "whose "technical specifications"". Choose the phrase that best fits the specific context and desired level of formality.

ChatGPT power + Grammarly precisionChatGPT power + Grammarly precision
ChatGPT + Grammarly

Editing plus AI, all in one place.

Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.

Source & Trust

83%

Authority and reliability

4.1/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: