The responsibility of achieving an eco-efficient concrete structure lies on the industry stakeholders, including the material producers, and those involved in the design and specification, construction, maintenance and repair, and the demolition and recycling of a structure.
Topics discussed in the paper include: Project Objectives, Project Stages, Scope Definition, Design Basis, Codes and Standards, Technology Selection, Capital Cost Estimation, Schedule Development and Control, Operating Cost Estimation, Value Improvement Practices, Equipment Specification, Contractor Bid Specification, Constructability Review, Construction Management, and Commissioning.
In this system, the client describes the subject of the order by means of design documentation and technical specifications of construction and commissioning of building works.
"Dfid agreed to fund the furniture and books for the schools and they were very strict about their specifications for construction.
Specifications of construction techniques were detailed which would be useful and referenceable to engineers.
The problem consists of 17 variables and 101 implicit constraints based on AASHTO standard specifications and construction limitations.
In the context of harmonized specifications for construction products, currently only Germany requests data on ecotoxicity/biodegradability in certain cases [68].
The crane specifications and construction methods constitute project-independent information that describes how cranes should be operated during the execution of activities.
There is need for a professional objective review of drawings, specifications, and construction loan commitments and payment requests to fully protect the lender.
Detailed descriptions of test specifications, test construction, item analysis, content validity studies, correlation studies, and reliability studies of the EPE can be found in Sims (2006) and Sims and Liu (2013).
