If the moiety contains a single chiral centre (thus, there is only a single "@" or "@@" in the SMILES string), the simple elimination of the chiral mark suffices: according to the SMILES specification, the absence of the chiral marks means "unspecified stereochemistry" which we may reinterpret as "both enantiomers present".
For example, simultaneous depletion of the transcription factors Gata4 and Gata6, or Gata4 and Gata5, causes defects in cardiac development, but simultaneous loss of Gata5 and Gata6 causes impaired cardiomyocyte specification and absence of the heart – a sort of synthetic lethality for heart tissue (Holtzinger and Evans, 2007).
To investigate oocyte specification in the absence of centrioles, we examined the localization of Orb in WT and mutant oocytes; this protein normally accumulates at the posterior of the oocyte, thus providing a readout of both oocyte specification and polarity [17].
School absences, while promising, often contain all absences, without specification of reason, and are limited to term time and week days.
Ubx is required for haltere specification since in the absence of Ubx function these discs produce wings, the appendages normally found on the second thoracic (T2) segment.
Second, we used inducible variants of the lineage-affiliated TFs Gata1 and Pu.1 to drive cells into lineage specification, again in the absence of pro-differentiative cytokines.
Using spib antisense morpholino knockdown experiments, we show that spib is required for myeloid specification, and, in its absence, primitive myeloid cells retain hemangioblast-like characteristics and fail to migrate.
The maturity parameters prescribed for composts produced by bioconversion were taken as a reference in the absence of specifications for thermochemical products.
While most of the generic drug products after 1980 were developed with human BE studies, the absence of dissolution specification in both the originator and corresponding generic products prior to 1995, suggested a lack of performance control.
Mainly due to the absence of final specification documents from 3GPP, this means that a common procedure and consequently a common modeling framework to let the researchers properly compare their results are missing.
In the absence of the specification of at least the essential safeguards, the protection of vulnerable subjects relies too heavily on the views of diverse IRBs, leading to insufficient protection of vulnerable subjects [10].
