As both rows and columns are clustered, diseases with similar profiles of association to TFs will be adjacent (and similarly for TFs against diseases), allowing larger patterns of associations between sets of diseases and TFs to be spotted visually (as well as specific deviances within such clusters).
While consuming alcohol is generally not considered appropriate for women, intoxication is regarded as a form of 'female-specific deviance' (p394) [ 63].
As each subset-specific deviance was calculated based on the model that did not depend on the data in the corresponding validation subset, the lower cross-validated deviance indicated the model expected to better predict the outcomes in an independent data set from a similar population (Rachet et al, 2003; Binquet et al, 2008).
Figure 3 presents the sum over all cities of the city-specific deviances for different threshold models versus the different threshold values explored in the analysis of CO and total mortality.
For an overall comparison of the different models, we computed the sum of the city-specific differences in deviance, which again follows the chi-square distribution with degrees of freedom the sum of the city-specific difference in the degrees of freedom.
Analysing the results for a total time window of 4 weeks, 2 weeks before and after the specific event, no meaningful deviances from the previous findings were found.
Our drug laws are purportedly there to protect individuals and society from harm – they are not meant to be there to uphold any specific moral values and punish deviance from them.
e Drop in deviance from adding the specific variable to the model including linear trend in period and continent.
The appropriate number of edf was chosen by various quality tests; deviance, q-tests and age-specific normal quantile plots of the model residuals for boys and girls separately.
The only alternative interpretation would be to view the positivity as a memory-based deviance effect including the possibility that specific repetition or change patterns among vowels were memorized.
For the fixed effects model, extension with treatment specific covariate interaction terms improved both the residual deviance and the DIC, suggesting that factors associated with study date (partly) explain the heterogeneity in the scale related treatment effects.
