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In theory, that gives our species control over biological design.
Kaminski, M. M. et al. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species control T cell activation by regulating IL-2 and IL-4 expression: mechanism of ciprofloxacin-mediated immunosuppression.
Large-scale invasive species control initiatives are motivated by laudable desires for native species recovery and economic benefits, but they are not without risk.
van Wilgen, B. W. & Wannenburgh, A. Co-facilitating invasive species control, water conservation and poverty relief: achievements and challenges in South Africa's Working for Water programme.
However, the designed PCR primers lack the specificity required for regulatory species control.
Responsibility for solving collective action problems in invasive species control has conventionally been assigned to government.
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Tax on arriving marine shipping containers of $1 per 20 feet to fund invasive-species control programs.
The inoculation of S. mitis led to a marginal decrease of biofilm mass compared to the mono-species control (A. actinomycetemcomitans + CS), but values were still higher as for the A. actinomycetemcomitans mono-species culture (figure 4 D).
The bi-species control experiments show that very short regions of sequence identity are sufficient to mediate PCR recombination, the result of either template exchange by Taq polymerase [44] or premature extension termination within the repeat and subsequent illegitimate priming by incompletely extended products [41].
These results, together with the bi-species control assays, suggest that many of the Vigna recombination products are either present in vivo in very low abundance [37] or are actually absent in vivo, with their recovery a consequence of PCR-mediated recombination.
Each leaf litter type was added to six mesocosms per earthworm species (three species + control) per soil type (two), for a total of 48 mesocosms.
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