Graphical simulations of speciation diagrams on the basis of calculated constants were created using HySS 2009 [28].
Analyses of nrITS, matK and trnH- psbA sequences collected from a wide range of Elymus s. l. species and related genera can shed light on their phylogenetic relationships, ancestral donors and the polyploidization events in the speciation processes on the basis of orthologous comparison.
By studying patterns of introgression in hybrid zones, candidate genomic regions that are either speciation genes, or linked to speciation genes, can be identified on the basis of reduced levels of introgression, whereas candidate genomic regions that are either beneficial genes, or linked to beneficial genes, can be detected from increased levels of introgression [ 4- 6, 11, 15, 28].
This observation could also be explained on the basis of As V) speciation with respect to pH.
Since these peaks represent the same divergence event (on the basis of duplication and speciation patterns in gene families), Mt must be accumulating silent-site changes more rapidly than Gm.
On the basis of known WGD and speciation information, the structure of a phylogenetic tree for species of interest was constructed, with branch lengths derived from modal KS values from the KS plots.
A critical evaluation on the speciation and solution structure of the complexes formed is presented on the basis of their d d band optical activity.
On the basis of tree-based cophylogenetic analysis using different event cost schemes, sympatric speciation (i.e., intrahost speciation) also appears as the dominant coevolutionary event involved in Thaparocleidus diversification.
On the basis of this evidence the authors suggested that the speciation events were associated with early glacial expansion in the Northern Hemisphere around 2.4 Myr before present (BP).
Although most biogeographers consider both vicariance and founder dispersal to be important causes of cladogenesis, speciation as a result of dispersal is sometimes rejected or considered irrelevant noise on the basis of its sporadic nature.
