This chapter applies layout design knowledge to different and specialized types of interconnect design.
Hence, starting from a metabolic network whose (highly interconnected) nodes represent unspecific enzymes, novel metabolic networks have emerged, consisting of highly specialized (and less interconnected) enzymes.
The current technology allows the integration on a single die of complex systems-on-chip (SoCs) that are composed of manufactured blocks (IPs), interconnected through specialized networks on chip (NoCs).
Cells especially in the outer layer of the colony were mutually interconnected by specialized junctional complexes (Figure 1B).
The blood brain barrier (BBB), which is primarily formed by specialized brain endothelial cells interconnected by well-developed tight junctions, provides a dynamic interface between the brain and blood circulation that maintains central nervous system homeostasis [ 4].
Mechanistically, this is achieved by the neurovascular unit (NVU), composed of a monolayer of specialized endothelial cells (EC) interconnected by complex tight junctions, the underlying endothelial basement membrane (BM) and a second BM, known as the parenchymal BM as it marks the border to the CNS parenchyma.
In the cluster mode, it currently supports Ethernet and Myrinet based interconnects and provide specialized communication devices for these networks.
The initial InstaGENI deployment will encompass 34 sites across the United States, interconnected through a specialized GENI backbone network deployed over national, regional and campus research and education networks, with international network extensions to sites across the world.
Different specialized frontal motor areas are interconnected with equally specific parietal areas, forming modules of largely segregated anatomical circuits that are each dedicated for a specific sensorimotor transformation (e.g., Colby and Duhamel, 1996; Gross and Graziano, 1995; Rizzolatti et al., 1994).
They also require significant data movement, either across an interconnect or perhaps via specialized I/O accelerator ('burst buffer').
