On the contrary, DP account for an extraordinary high share of income in Specialist field crop, in Mixed livestock and crops-livestock, Specialist grazing livestock and Mixed cropping farms (Table 1).3 The relative importance of DP is higher in small farms than in medium and large farms.
The relative contribution of DP to total variability is way higher than the mean in specialist field crops farms.
When applied on a large-scale data set across France, this classification highlighted that monoculture harbour significantly more specialists than crop rotations, suggesting that crop rotation increases abundance of generalist species rather than sets of species that are each specialised to the individual crop types grown in the rotation.
Supporting possible sustainability of the FFS trained farmers is the finding in a later evaluation of the Plagbol project from 2012 that FFS farmers are now recognized as specialists on crop protection and hired for training of farmers in other hamlets/villages by their Municipalities 8 years after their training have stopped [ 27].
Nevertheless, under a strong trade-off (convex shape), coexistence between a crop specialist and a wild host specialist was also observed but required a longer cropping season.
In all other contexts, pathogen evolution resulted in coexistence of a crop specialist and a wild host specialist when the agricultural season was long enough and the trade-off not too strong and to unsuccessful emergence of a crop pathogen otherwise.
The county is served by Samson & 4 other agents-an entomologist & 3 specialists in crops & cattle-plus two home economists.
Jim Fawcett, a crop specialist at the Iowa State University's agricultural extension service, has been hosting emergency meetings with farmers around the state.
Hector Valenzuela is a Professor and Crop Specialist at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources.
In applied settings, they have been exploited to manage agricultural systems, for example, where adding species diversity to fields, through intercrops, hedgerows, or acceptable levels of weed growth, can reduce damage from crop specialist pests (e.g, Root 1973; Andow 1991).
