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The proportions of female spawning types are given in Table 1.
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Variable timing of reproduction between spawning-habitat types is thought to be function of historical thermal regimes at the incubation sites of the progeny [ 23, 24].
Mor humus types are most common with a thick layer of moss, but moder/mull humus forms occur in nutrient rich sites along the salmon spawning channel.
Finally, a total of 8 polythene bags from each substrate type were inoculated with a spawn and the experiment was done in duplicates.
Significant differences in spawning type proportions among sample sites are observable (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA: N = 104, d.f. = 4, H = 52.3, P < 0.01).
Statistical comparisons of spawning type proportions between sample sites were conducted as described for the canal morphotypes.
The proportion of each spawning type in each sample site was calculated and plotted (Table 1; Figure 6).
After spawning, M-type mitochondria are subject to an intense selection since only the most viable spermatozoa can fertilize an egg and produce a healthy embryo.
Simulating suitable environmental conditions for spawning followed by repairing or rebuilding its spawning grounds are effective ways to protect this species.
In spring, spawning is intense and both spawning and restorations are rapid processes.
Four weeks after spawning, the young are independent.
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