However, results accuracy crucially depends on methodological and empirical considerations such as: i) presence of spatial latent component (spatial autocorrelation); ii) temporal breaks related to different periods over which the infrastructure is built; and iii) heterogeneity of the effect along the line and stations.
Wang and Grimson proposed a topic model Spatial Latent Dirichlet Allocation (SLDA), in which the knowledge of spatial structure can be flexibly added as a prior, grouping visual words which are close in space into the same document [15].
From a criminological perspective, the latent spatial variables may help in accounting for unmeasured differences in individual routine-activities (Cohen and Felson 1979), social disorganization (Bursik and Grasmick 1993), the physical environment and the opportunity structure for crime within local areas (Brantingham and Brantingham 1995; Clarke 1995).
Although LTBPs determine the spatial deposition of latent TGFβ and thus define the coordinates for its subsequent activation, surprisingly nothing is known about them in normal mammary gland.
As it is exploratory and quickly identifies latent spatial fields, it may be considered a screening tool for identifying candidate cancer sites that should be included in a joint disease mapping analysis.
When we consider the pathological condition in MS, such as the time and spatial distribution of latent lesions, the LWA model seems to be reasonable because of the assumption of a common baseline hazard, which means that each latent lesion has the same risk of development.
Disruption of GRIN1 (2A-D), another glutamate receptor subunit gene, leads to significant alterations in cognitive and/or locomotor behavior including impairments in latent learning, spatial memory tasks and hyperactivity [ 14].
Initial results signal higher EV ownership rates in more central zones with higher household incomes, along with significant residual spatial autocorrelation, suggesting that spatially-correlated latent variables and/or peer (neighbor) effects on purchase decisions are present.
Additionally, even though the residuals could not be explained in terms of identifying latent factors, the spatial structure of the residuals was considered within the regression kriging approach used for mapping recent and potential future spatial and temporal trends of phenological developments.
> -wrap-foot> Since the HCRF with T≥2 outperforms the one with T=1, we can conclude that the latent components and spatial dependencies introduced in HCRF are indeed useful.
Definition of the spatial and temporal patterns of latent TGF-β activation in situ is essential for understanding the specific roles that TGF-β plays during mammary gland development, proliferation, and morphogenesis.
