This index calculates, within certain spatial borders (e.g., an "energy region"), the relation between the "required" potential renewable process area and the entire energy potential area within this border.
Together these developments led to two major changes in the structure of global trade: (a) the vertical and spatial cross-border fragmentation of manufacturing into highly integrated "global production networks" or "global value chains" (GVCs); and (b) (to a lesser extent) the rise of services trade (Canuto, Dutz & Reis, ch. 3 in Canuto & Giugale, 2010) (Canuto, 2012).
Grid cells represented the biggest group of spatial inputs, but border cells, head-direction cells, and a large fraction of nonspatial cells also provided inputs.
Transportation is perhaps the most obvious transfer cost which affects price transmission; however the factor which has been given the most attention in the literature, when assessing spatial markets, is border and domestic policies (Conforti, 2004).
Our purpose here is to examine and follow umbilical cord blood units as 'bio-objects' (Vermeulen et al. 2012) that are constitutive of particular kinds of biopolitics, new magnitudes of scale, new dimensions of internationalisation that transform and reconfigure the conventional spatial and symbolic borders of the blood economies (Copeman 2009).
Spatial and temporal borders separating the earthly and heavenly spheres are often seen in Netherlandish art, usually in the form of frames or arches.
Lack of cross-border transport supply has repeatedly been blamed for the fact that national borders limit spatial interaction and, consequently, the growth of border regions.
And finally, we examine the effect of considering an alternative spatial configuration that includes border and "interior" regions.
In the ventral telencephalon, Nkx6-2 is expressed in a small subset of ventral neural progenitors in a restricted spatial pattern at the border between the MGE and CGE (Stenman et al. 2003).
Real time compound spatial imaging reduces edge artefacts, shadowing and speckle, making lesion borders and internal echotexture more readily assessable.
