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As can be seen in the HRTEM observation shown in Figure 4d, the measured lattice spacings of 0.232 and 0.254 nm are consistent with the interplanar spacing values for the (111) and ( 1 ̄ 11) planes of a pure monoclinic CuO crystal, respectively.
Average seed spacing values obtained from the EMDS were found to be closer to the theoretical seed spacing values compared with that obtained from the CDS.
However, slightly higher d spacing values are observed after the reaction.
The figure indicates that the induced peak voltages decrease rapidly as the spacing values increase.
Here, d and d 0 represent the observed and ideal interplanar spacing values, respectively.
The peak numbers do not correspond to 2Θ values, but d spacing values.
Similar(18)
The corresponding d-spacing values (nm) are indicated.
The minor peaks around d-spacing values of 1.3 and 1.5 Å are lead (Pb) fluorescence lines.
A left-shift in the peak values gives rise to increased d-spacing values and it has been indeed observed here [44].
Hereafter, the simulations are referred to (as in MY13) as Δx, where x is one of the horizontal grid-spacing values.
The comparison between the intensity and d-spacing values of the standard ZnO as well as the observed pattern indicated that the as-synthesized particles may not be formed in regular shape.
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