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In these cases, the conventional SPA approach will yield a 3D reconstruction with smeared densities (i.e. a decreased resolution) because SPA approach assumes that all the particles within a class have an identical structure while this is not correct for such flexible complexes and the assigned parameters could be inaccurate for all of the modules.
An SPA approach was firstly employed in a seminal study by Shell Corporation as a powerful DSS (Decision Support System) to face highly uncertain scenarios related to the oil crises of 1973 [54, 41].
Examples for these kinds of macromolecular complexes include the ribosome containing two subunits with relative motion (Bai et al., 2013) and the splicesome with substantial flexibility among subunits that is still poorly resolved by cryo-EM SPA approach (Azubel et al., 2004).
In addition, the underlying SPA approach works best in the simple isolation-by-distance settings and is not expected to work well in for complex scenarios with barriers or irregular geometries.
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Her spa-like approach uses a few Japanese needles all over the body.
To better understand this process, we developed a novel two-color structured illumination microscopy with single-particle averaging (SPA-SIM) approach to study the localization of all 18 SPB components during duplication using endogenously expressed fluorescent protein derivatives.
These shifts of 29.4 ± 1.4 nm (Sfi1-GFP) and 12.1 ± 1.0 nm (GFP-Sfi1) are significantly less than the ∼100 nm resolution achievable by SIM alone (Gustafsson et al., 2008), suggesting that our SPA-SIM approach can provide at least a 5 10-fold improvement in intensity distribution localization.
You can opt for a spa-oriented approach or one that is more medical.
We used whole-genome sequencing to investigate the role of colonized patients as the source of new S. aureus acquisitions, and the reliability of identifying patient-to-patient transmission using the conventional approach of spa typing and overlapping patient stay.
As I approached the spa on a quiet country road, its two-story clapboard main building looked disconcertingly Western -- like a Wild West saloon, in fact.
To solve this problem, a distributed simultaneous perturbation approach (D-SPA) is proposed based on simultaneous perturbation techniques as well as consensus theory.
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