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The basic principle consists in measuring the distance from a laser source to the sample surface by means of a triangulation method.
Since air is primarily a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, neither of which absorbs NIR radiation, energy is transferred from the heating source to the sample without heating the surrounding air [19].
A challenging technical issue arising when the field is increased is the fact that microwave losses become dramatically larger inside the transmission lines carrying the high-frequency microwaves from the source to the sample.
On the forward path (from the source to the sample), the DCF coupler allows the both OCT source and fluorescence excitation light traveling through the single-mode fiber to be coupled into the single-mode core of the DCF port (with a loss of 0.8dB and 2.2 dB, respectively).
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A water bath was used to minimize heat transfer from the light source to the samples.
In all cases bioaerosol concentrations decreased sharply with downwind distance from the emissions source to the sampling point 80 m downwind of the site boundary.
MALDI matrices are generally small organic compounds and act as energy mediators, effectively transferring the laser energy from a source to the surrounding sample molecules, resulting in minimum fragmentation.
Sheets were irradiated in the perpendicular direction at a distance of 2 cm measured from the UV source to the initial sample surface.
If, however, the source is an external divergent source close to the sample, the observed diffraction produces lines.
The fiber from the FC/APC1 end leads to a fiber optical circulator (C) coupled with a 2 x 2 directional coupler (DC) having 95/5 splitting ratio, with 95% of the power from the swept source directed to the sample arm where the endoscope OCT probe connects to.
An abstract image of the source contributions to the samples can be obtained by the following multivariate linear regression: (1).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com