Exact(11)
Recent lineage-tracing studies have produced conflicting results about whether the epicardium is a source of cardiac muscle cells during heart development.
The secondary heart field provides an especially important source of cells directing complex morphogenesis and is the source of cardiac progenitor cells marked by the transcription factor ISL1.
Demonstration of TERT expression and the source of cardiac telomerase activity is challenging.
While AMPK stimulates glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is the major source of cardiac ATP production during reperfusion of ischemic hearts.
Owing to the complexity and physiological requirements of functional myocardial tissue, an abundant source of cardiac myocytes alone is not enough to build a clinically useful graft.
However, the Cre driver itself might be a source of cardiac fibrosis, underscoring the need to refine the genetic manipulation and more clearly define any associated cardiac phenotype.
Similar(49)
These factors result in only a very small target potentially amenable to protection that may be overwhelmed by the contribution from other sources of cardiac injury, making the benefits of RIPC in this setting more difficult to ascertain.
Thus the widespread damage caused by PARP potentially creates a unique opportunity for blocking multiple sources of cardiac injury and has been shown to inhibit many pathways thought to mediate myocardial damage in diabetes [ 85, 90].
The main source of mutated cardiac myosin is from transgenic mice, but they express primarily α-cardiac myosin in the ventricles throughout adult life.
Although resident stem cell populations have been identified to support cardiomyocyte turnover, the source of the cardiac stem cells and their niche remain elusive.
Recently studies in the zebrafish have revealed that for a large part, the CMs and epithelial cells-from the epicardium and endocardium-are the major source of regenerating cardiac muscle and not stem cells, as was believed1,7,32.
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