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However, an earlier citywide source apportionment study had found PM2.5 levels to be no higher in the study area than in other parts of the city [ 26].
A source apportionment study of fugitive dust from military training ranges in the western United States (Labban et al. 2004) provided many of the samples.
A source apportionment study of local ambient PM2.5, over the same time period, has shown that 40 50% of the organic carbon was motor vehicle related through either combustion or road dust (Lee et al. 2003).
We conducted a source apportionment study using particle-phase organic molecular markers in personal and work area samples at a freight terminal in an urban area in 2003 (Sheesley et al. 2008a).
For example, a source apportionment study of SOA formation during a severe photochemical smog event in Los Angeles found that gasoline engines represented the single-largest anthropogenic source of SOA [ 34].
Ultimately, only 26 chemical species were selected for the source apportionment study, based on the signal-to-noise criterion (Paatero and Hopke 2009) and percentage of data above detection limit: Al, arsenic, Ca, cadmium, Cl–, chromium, copper (Cu), Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, NH4+, nickel (Ni), NO3–, P, lead (Pb), rubidium, S, antimony (Sb), tin (Sn), strontium, TC, Ti, vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn).
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Ozone source apportionment studies can provide relevant information for designing suitable air pollution protection strategies.
Monthly and annual average concentrations of molecular markers in the source apportionment model showed lower sensitivity to source profiles than daily measurements, which has implications to the design of source apportionment studies.
India has high concentrations of airborne particulate matter, and the application of effective abatement measures is a high priority, and demands confidence in the results of source apportionment studies.
While it is true that source apportionment studies have been conducted worldwide, this is the first time that the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model is applied in Bogota using full PM10 chemical speciation data, including carbonaceous materials, metals and ions.
Three Passive Flux Samplers (PFS) have been developed at Mines Douai, an engineering school from Northern France, to carry out source apportionment studies of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzene, toluene, xylenes, and higher molecular weight compounds.
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