At lower HABs, the soot chemical composition was dominated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) containing 16 to 30 carbon atoms.
Methods: Measurements of PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), soot, elemental composition, and oxidative potential of PM were conducted simultaneously in samples from 8 major streets and 10 urban and suburban background locations in the Netherlands.
In this work, the effect of the presence of methyl groups on aromatic hydrocarbons on their sooting propensity, and on the oxidative reactivity, morphology, and chemical composition of soot generated from them in diffusion flames is studied using benzene, toluene, and m-xylene as fuels.
An important difference is found between Diesel and surrogate samples indicating the influence of the fuel composition on soot content.
(3) Carrying a few additional WBTs with optimum width and twist angle (2.54 cm and 180°, respectively) to study the effect on exhaust gas composition and soot.
The exact chemical composition of soot is dependent on the mix of precursor gas and the density and temperature of the flame.
Particulate Mass, Number and Size Distributions were analyzed with the aim to identify possible correlations existing between fuel composition and soot emissions.
Table 7 Soot accumulation and percentage composition of the gases at the center of the stove top O2 CO CO 2 Soot (g) Normal cookstove 10.5 0.087 2.84 Seven TTs 5.5 0.082 1.75 Eleven TTs 7.8 0.080 2.20 The listed values are averages of three WBTs.
The morphology, microstructure and chemical composition of soot particles emitted directly from biofuel cook stoves have been studied by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ion beam analysis (IBA) techniques.
