Sentence examples for song system from inspiring English sources

Song behavior in zebra finches is sexually dimorphic: only male birds sing, and the song system is highly developed in males [ 26, 27].

Parrots and hummingbirds have similar circuits, but these differ in important respects from each other and from the oscine song system, suggesting independent evolution.

Sexual dimorphisms are present throughout the zebra finch song system, from forebrain centers to the tracheosyringeal portion of the hypoglossal nucleus (nXIIts) to the muscles of the syrinx (vocal organ).

We found a dichotomy of PNN expression in the female song system: the anterior cortical-basal ganglia pathway was highly enriched for PNNs and indistinguishable from males, whereas the posterior pathway was essentially devoid of PNNs.

The unidentified environmental and/or physiological cues controlling the plasticity in the song system must therefore differ, at least in part, from those affecting other morphological and physiological traits controlling reproduction.

In songbirds, vocal learning and production depend on a set of specialized brain nuclei known as the song system.

Most neurons in the avian song system respond preferentially to playback of the bird's own song (BOS) [22] [24].

Alternatively, none of the above sexual dimorphisms of the song system anatomy and transcription might be related to singing.

Many songbird species show seasonal development of their neural song system due to photoperiodic influences on hormone production [15].

A number of interconnected forebrain nuclei in songbird brain, known collectively as the song system, are involved in sensorimotor learning and song production [6] [8].

Future analyses of genome binding sites for estrogen and androgen receptors may provide a more comprehensive method for identifying additional steroid target genes in the song system.