Sentence examples for song output from inspiring English sources

Male and female company had an equally facilitating effect on song output.

However, this singing mode constitutes only a fraction of zebra finch males' prolific song output.

Males' total song output was significantly higher when a conspecific was in audible and visible distance than when they were alone.

Treatment had a significant effect on the song output of the male starlings (Fig. 2).

Our results show that females prefer the song output from males exposed to the complete mixture of endocrine disrupters, despite the fact that such males are immunosuppressed.

Inactivation [13] or lesions [18] of LMAN immediately reduce the variability of song output, causing all songs to become more similar to "directed" songs.

Studies on European robins (Erithacus rubecula) demonstrate a significant tradeoff between time allocated to singing and feeding: individuals who devoted more time to singing often suffered the greatest energy storage losses (Thomas et al. 2003), and comparative studies also show that species with higher metabolic rates have decreased song outputs (Read and Weary 1992).

The MSNs could then act through their downstream pallidothalamic pathway to (1) bias the motor system in favor of vocal commands that previously led to better song performance and (2) drive plasticity in the motor pathway such that the juvenile song gradually converges to the desired vocal output (Andalman and Fee, 2009; Fee and Goldberg, 2011; Warren et al., 2011; Charlesworth et al., 2012).

The AIV neurons described provide an opening to the dopaminergic reward system that promises in future to help elucidate how auditory feedback can alter vocal output: a significant problem in song birds and humans.

This AIV neurons discovered provide an opening to the dopaminergic reward system that promises in future to help elucidate how auditory feedback can alter vocal output: a significant problem in song birds and humans.

The zebra finch, a songbird, presents a unique opportunity to address this question because production of learned song and induction of vocal variability are instantiated in distinct circuits that converge on a motor cortex analogue controlling vocal output.