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Ambient sound also differs between the breeding areas of the 2 subspecies, and this has resulted in a divergence in "song" characteristics.
"What this demonstrates is that most previous PCB studies may not give us the whole picture because they did not look at the specific type of PCB involved but just measured overall levels". This study adds valuable detail to a growing body of research that indicates that PCBs affect song characteristics, breeding behavior, reproduction, song preferences, and brain anatomy in birds.
Cultural transmission of song characteristics in most of the oscines might have accelerated speciation [20], [21].
In addition to exaggerating some conditions, we chose to base all song characteristics (chirp duration, dominant frequency, etc).
Among birds, there are several examples of traits converging under similar environments such as bill morphology [5], song characteristics [6], [7], and body morphology [8].
As these two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, the proposed association of genetic quality of males with song characteristics might be due to multiple proximate causes.
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Differences in acoustic song characteristic between the two populations were examined with Mann-Whitney U tests.
Although he is usually grouped with the German Anacreontic poets, his model was Horace, rather than the Greek poet Anacreon, and his poetry was not limited to the love and drinking songs characteristic of the Anacreontics.
As expected, recordings of the vocalizations produced by these experimental birds at the adult age of 2 years revealed that they had developed atypical songs characteristic of birds lacking experience with adults [3], [4], [26].
"Womanizer" is an up-tempo electropop song with characteristic sirens and a repetitive hook.
But he understood why she did not choose it as the lead single from Born This Way, given the fact that the song was characteristic of Gaga's music.
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