With the caveat that sometimes duplications could produce a merged sequence and uncertainty of donor assignment grew for shorter SDs, we have only interpreted this map for duplications involving long sequence and multiple subunits, i.e., at the top of the hierarchy.
One could think that sometimes gene duplication can increase the counts of what we call tetramer-like subgraphs, even without forming new tetramers.
Also, duplication sometimes risks a "race to the bottom" among regulators that try to keep financial institutions within their jurisdiction.
Sometimes, partial sequence duplication of an RNA segment leads to a rearranged RNA segment.
We focus on the Hominini because previous studies found accelerated gene duplication, sometimes accompanied by amino acid divergence, in the ape lineage (Hahn et al. 2007; Marques-Bonet et al. 2009).
However, polyploidy and the large size of many plant genomes, which is predominantly due to amplification of repetitive elements or sometimes partial genome duplication [ 8], pose challenges to de novo whole genome assembly of plants.
It seems that lineage-specific gene duplications of an ancestral Nup145N-like gene gave rise to the truncated versions Nup100p and Nup116p, and likely other FG Nups also originated from such, sometimes more ancient, duplication events (Mans et al. 2004; Devos et al. 2006).
In the past authors have unsuccessfully tried to describe a new taxon based on a small number of examples, but this leads to numerous duplications, sometimes even at genus level.
This observation was consistent with a previous study that reported that CNVs sometimes involve segmental duplications [ 20].
These events were likely followed by genetic diversification (sometimes with subsequent duplications like in tribe Andropogoneae) and partially helped the evolution of a C4-specific NADP-me.
