These differences were noted in regions involved in primary sensorimotor processes (pre- and postcentral gyri), conflict monitoring (dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus), inhibitory and response control (inferior prefrontal cortex and striatum), and somatic representations (posterior insula).
An in-depth analysis of the Critchley et al. (2001) results implicated a discrete region of the anterior cingulate involved in both somatic responses and representations of outcome uncertainty in the anticipatory period.
Harris [ 132] suggests that altered cortical representation of somatic input may falsely signal incongruence between motor intention and movement.
Indeed, a growing body of evidence suggests that the fitness effects of oncogenic alterations are highly context dependent [ 9- 11] and that Darwinian evolution is a more accurate representation of somatic evolution of cancers than linear step-wise mutation-centric models [ 12, 13].
An early microarray study of A. gambiae did not uncover such a pattern [ 9]. Baker and colleagues, however, did observe a strong under-representation of testis-expressed genes and a weaker (but significant) under-representation of somatic male-biased genes on the X chromosome.
If the intensity task showed the same effects of homology and delay as the intermanual in-between task, this would suggest that numerical coding is not responsible for the results found in the intermanual in-between task, and would strengthen the view that the putative secondary representations were somatic rather than simply numerical.
It has been suggested that the over-representation of somatic male-biased genes on the X chromosome is related to the mechanism of dosage compensation [ 32].
Fig. 2 Diagrammatic representation to contrast somatic growths between basidiomycetes with a typical life cycle and the Termitomyces symbiont.
We provide a robust method for organizing genome data, derived from decades of cancer research on somatic mutations, into a knowledge representation that is useful for the bench researcher and clinician.
The finding of enhanced current density in the insular cortex was not surprising as this region belongs to an integrative neural system which is involved in the representation of aversive bodily states and somatic arousal (Damasio et al., 2000).
