Exact(5)
Conversely, males' greater prefrontal activation under stress may increase reliance on strategic processing rather than on somatic cues.
The use of facial and somatic cues by humans has been studied mainly in western industrialized countries, leaving unanswered whether results are valid across cultures.
For instance, humans have developed the ability to use facial and somatic cues to assess the ability of others to offer physical protection, access to resources, care for the offspring, and generosity [14] [20].
(1961/1981) Evolutionary theory suggests that natural selection favors the evolution of cognitive abilities which allow humans to use facial and other somatic cues to assess traits of other people, such as sex, age, health, or aggressiveness [1] [6].
Because brain lesion studies have linked emotional and visceral processing structures with increasing risk avoidance and learning about task contingencies, greater activation in these regions may lead stressed women to respond more strongly to somatic cues to avoid risk than stressed men and help women learn more effectively about risk/reward contingencies.
Similar(55)
Primordial germ cells in developing male and female gonads are responsive to somatic cell cues that direct their sex-specific differentiation into functional gametes.
Here, they number approx. 25000 (Tam and Snow 1981; Donovan et al., 1986) and, in response to somatic cell cues, begin differentiation along the male (XY) or female (XX) pathway.
Evidence from diverse systems shows that germ plasm represses transcription in developing PGCs, inhibiting their ability to respond to somatic inducing cues (Nakamura and Seydoux, 2008; Shirae-Kurabayashi et al., 2011; Venkatarama et al., 2010).
It may be the case that individuals with ADHD have weaker somatic or physiological cues to guide risky choices, which would be consistent with Damasio's [ 54- 56] somatic marker hypothesis.
Whereas in mammals, germ cells in gonads may take from days to decades to accomplish meiosis with the support of neighboring somatic cells through hormonal cues [ 6- 9].
Molecular cues to recognize a somatic or dendritic innervation site may include chemoattractive and cell adhesion molecules.
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