During the demonstration, foam was pre generated and directly injected surrounding the chlorinated solvent source zone.
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has received considerable attention as a potential in situ remediation technology for treating chlorinated solvent source zones.
The effective remediation of chlorinated solvent source zones using in situ thermal treatment requires successful capture of gas that is produced.
Given their potential to stimulate microbial reductive dechlorination at low concentrations, these surfactants are well-suited for remedial action plans that couple aggressive mass removal followed by enhanced bioremediation to treat chlorinated solvent source zones.
The gradual dissolution of this residual DNAPL solvent source under natural aquifer conditions caused dissolved solvent plumes of trichloromethane (TCM), trichloroethene (TCE) and perchloroethene (PCE) to continuously develop down gradient.
The discovery of solvent plumes in the vicinity of dry cleaning plants may suggest that the solvent source is the dry cleaning plant; however, the presence of these plumes does not necessarily indicate that the dry cleaning equipment was defectively designed or manufactured.
To assist in the design of enhanced reductive dechlorination systems for in situ remediation of chlorinated solvent source zones, the software BUCHLORAC (BUffering of deCHLORination ACidity) was developed to predict the amount of buffer required to maintain the groundwater pH in a DNAPL treatment zone within the optimal range for dechlorinating bacteria.
Taken in total, literature data, example calculations, and case studies presented above support a position of cautious optimism regarding the potential of combined physical chemical/reductive dechlorination remedial methods for the effective treatment of chlorinated solvent source zones.
Enhanced reductive dehalogenation is an attractive treatment technology for in situ remediation of chlorinated solvent DNAPL source areas.
Ethanol provided superior a liquid product yield to water, methanol, or isopropanol, with a complex interplay between the solvent, lignin source and reaction conditions.
The influence of different organic solvents, enzyme sources, reaction time and the acylation reagent on the synthesis of chlorphenesin vinyl esters was investigated.
