Sorbent and solvent microextraction techniques, mainly solid-phase microextraction, stir-bar sorptive extraction, single-drop microextraction, dispersive liquid liquid microextraction, and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction, are well-established, environment-friendly procedures for treating a wide range of samples when isolating organic and inorganic targets.
The present work describes a sensitive procedure for extraction and determination of three sulfonylurea herbicides (metsulfuron-methyl, bensulfuron-methyl and chlorsulfuron) in water samples using supramolecular solvent microextraction.
Different operational modes have developed from LPME; the most commonly used of which are as follows: single-drop microextraction (SDME) [22], headspace solvent microextraction [11], hollow fiber-based LPME (HF-LPME) [23, 24], directly suspended droplet microextraction [25], ionic liquid-based single-drop microextraction [26], and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction [27].
These values were found by means of a liquid microextraction procedure followed by size-exclusion chromatography analysis.
Main parameters affecting synthesis of organic inorganic hybrid MIP and microextraction procedure were investigated and optimized.
The intraday (n = 5) and interday standard deviations were calculated by extracting the SUHs from water and soil samples through supramolecular solvent microextraction and supercritical fluid extraction supramolecular solvent microextraction.
Under the optimum conditions, linear dynamic ranges varied within 0.1 5 mg kg−1 (0.9978 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.9987) and 0.5 100 μg L−1 (0.9973 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.9995) for all of the sulfonylurea herbicides in the supercritical fluid extraction supramolecular solvent microextraction and supramolecular solvent microextraction, respectively.
Limits of detection, based on a S/N ratio of 3, were 0.5 μg L−1 and 0.7 mg kg−1 for supramolecular solvent microextraction and supercritical fluid extraction supramolecular solvent microextraction, respectively.
The effective parameters on the supramolecular solvent microextraction efficiency were studied and optimized using two different optimization methods: one variable at a time and face centered design.
Also, a supercritical fluid extraction coupled with supramolecular solvent microextraction was applied for extraction and determination of ultra-trace amounts of sulfonylurea herbicides in soil samples.
