Sentence examples for solitary structures have from inspiring English sources

On the other hand, the ion acoustic waves and solitary structures have been studied in different conditions of plasma [37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42].

So, the smaller size reflected soliton means the solitary structure having smaller number of ions in comparison with the incident soliton.

Equation (47) represents the solitary structure having peak amplitude as 3 U R 2 β R v 1 1 / 2 4 U 3 α R b R β and the width as 16 β U 3 (of soliton).

The bipolar electric field solitary (EFS) structures have been frequently observed in the near Earth plasma regions, such as auroral zone, magnetopause, cusp regions, and magneto-tail.

In the present work, the propagation of DIA Solitary structures have been studied in magnetized dusty plasma consisting negatively and positively charged ion fluid, trapped electrons following vortex-like distribution, and arbitrary charged stationary dust where restoring force provided by the plasma thermal pressure of electrons and the inertia is due to the ion mass for instability analysis.

Outside of the laboratory, the observations by Viking and Freja spacecrafts have identified solitary structures in the magnetosphere as density depressions.

The observation of non-thermal electrons made by the Swedish Viking satellite [27] and Freja satellite [28] have shown electrostatic solitary structures in the magnetosphere with density depression.

However, in the case of an unmagnetized e-p plasma [43], the drift velocities had drastically modified the solitary structures by reducing the soliton width.

The effective temperature of the plasma is also found to alter the solitary structures significantly in the case of dust grains having fluctuating charge.

So, we can say that the drift velocities of both the species have very insignificant effect on the solitary structures.

Sayed et al. [9] have studied dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) solitary structures in unmagnetized plasmas containing positive and negative ions with positive and negative dust and Maxwellian distributed electrons.