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The optimization of the structural topology is transformed to a three-phase material distribution problem within the design domain in which the solid, void, and hydrostatic fluid phases are optimally distributed.
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Since BESO uses discrete design variables, the resulting solid-void solutions show unambiguous topologies of dynamic structures.
The filtering scheme is embedded in the structural analysis to resolve the non-existent solution to the solid-void topology problem.
We study the 'classical' discrete, solid-void or black-and-white topology optimization problem, in which minimum compliance is sought, subject to constraints on the available material resource.
Using this adaptive scheme improves the objective function minimization and leads to a higher resolution in the description of the optimal shape boundary (solid-void interface) at a lower computational cost.
Using this approach, it is possible to create very thick (or thin) pathways in the solid and void phases with small (or large) tortuosity and low (or high) interfacial area of the solid-void by applying various TPCF sets.
Numerical results show that the proposed BESO method is efficient, and convergent solid-void or bi-material optimal solutions can be achieved for a variety of frequency optimization problems of continuum structures.
This chapter introduces several correlative ICM methods for the topology optimization of continuum structures, including the solid-void combined element method, the integration of constraints method, the parabolic aggregation function method, and the high-quality approximation of the step function method.
The SIMP density gradient is used to locate solid-void interface and h-adaptation is applied for a better definition of this interface and, at the same time, de-refinement is performed to coarsen the mesh in fully solid and void regions.
c A cubic ROI within the sample (colored beads) can be digitally selected for solid-void segmentation and detailed permeability analysis.
It is a composition of light and shadow, solid and void, with a solemn grace.
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