This compares with a solid surplus of 3.6% of GDP in 2008.Data released for the first quarter of 2009, however, already show a general government deficit of Dkr9.1bn (or 2.2% of quarterly GDP), approximately 40% of the finance ministry's projection for the deficit for the entire year.
The city, he said, has a "solid surplus" and can absorb the added cost.
"In the last four years California has created over a million new jobs, unemployment has dropped to its lowest level since 2008, massive deficits are now solid surpluses, our credit rating is rising and our job growth is outpacing the nation".
"As one of the world's richest countries, with good infrastructure, a viable welfare state and a solid budget surplus, we are in a position to rise to the occasion," German Labour and Social Affairs Minister Andrea Nahles said at a briefing ahead of a G20 meeting in Turkey.
"As one of the world's richest countries, with good infrastructure, a viable welfare state and a solid budget surplus, we are in a position to rise to the occasion," German Labour and Social Affairs Minister Andrea Nahles said at a briefing ahead of a G20 meeting in Turkey on Thursday.
The second assumed that surplus solid fuel was exported, and apportioned the fossil carbon emissions between the ethanol and solid fuel on the basis of energy content.
This is illustrated in Figure 8 for the softwood and straw chains (again, assuming that emissions are allocated to ethanol and surplus solid fuel).
The outputs were ethanol, surplus solid fuel or electricity (obtained from lignin residues), CO2 from fermentation and the combustion of biomass residues, and CO2 from the consumption of diesel, production of fertiliser, and so on.
The enzymatic plant employed single-step steam-and-SO2-catalysed pre-treatment followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using commercially purchased enzymes and yeast produced in the plant; surplus solid fuel (that is, lignin not required for process heat generation) was exported and sold.
To maintain the ponds formation of scum, surplus solids and compost and garbage should be avoided to enter in the ponds.
The resulting current-account surplus is solid enough, but by definition it does not show up in the real gross domestic product.
