Trucks and heavy machinery were used to dump dry soil and smooth over large holes created in the ground by heavy rains.
Rake through the soil and smooth it out so that it is level.
In order to be suitable for hay land and pasture uses, reclaimed mined lands should have smooth soil surfaces, soil materials that are well suited for agricultural grass and legume species, and moderate slopes.
Consequently, powered disc was proved advantageous over free rolling disc in terms of smooth soil displacement, easy soil volume handling, better inversion of the furrow slice and reduced soil reactions.
Roughness (smooth soil to 1.4 cm rms surface height) and moisture (dry soil to 0.21 cm3 cm−3 volumetric soil moisture) conditions of these fields were varied for observations.
The slope gradient was 15°, and the soil surface was smooth.
Conventional apparent electrical conductivity (σa) inversion approaches are generally oriented towards a smooth soil profile with gradual transitions between large stratigraphic entities.
The soil wasn't smooth and earth-like, but hard and un-earth-like, and the square's concrete foundation proved difficult to drive a stake into.
To that end, in this work, simulations of cone penetrometer tests in cohesive soil using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method are presented.
As a result, on site 1 (Haplic Chernozem), we achieved a significantly improved prediction accuracy using the CMR (R2cv = 0.845) compared to raw (but smoothed) soil spectra (0.815).
